The Snow of Twenty Eleven

Snow day! You know what that means? It means we bundled the kids up in clothes until the excitement of going outside completely drained away.

Eli in his snow gearLiza in snow gear

We even joined in the non-fun!
Misty dressed in her snow gear

Eventually we made it outside and discovered that we’d gotten approximately two feet of snow.

My two feet in the snow.We had to make a snowman, which Liza spent some time peering at.

Liza looking at a lounging snowman

I made Eli pose with the snowman, by which I mean I pointed the camera at the snowman and Eli said, “Dad, take my picture too!”

Eli, Liza and the snowmanWe also had snow ice cream and snowball fights and walked around listening to the very silent city. We never get snow, not like this, so we’ve had a great time playing in it. Hey, people who live in snowier climes, is this what your life is like?

Sometimes It Is Science All the Time Around Here

I’m often amused by the things science evidently can’t explain. The Chick Tract Big Daddy, nominally about evolution, claims that science can’t explain why an atom’s nucleus holds together even though it’s packed full of positively-charged particles.

In the tract Big Daddy, Jack Chick claims the strong nuclear force doesn't existIn the Chick Tract Big Daddy, atoms are held together by Jesus

In the version I read long ago, gluons weren’t even mentioned — the tract merely claimed that no one knew why atoms held together. At the time I murmured, “the strong nuclear force?” At some point Chick updated it to refute quantum chromodynamics, the theory that describes the strong nuclear force that holds atoms’ nucleii together, by saying “Nuh uh!”

That’s semi-defensible: QCD is a deep subject, an area of physics that you really only run into if you specialize in physics in school. More puzzling is that Bill O’Reilly doesn’t know how tides work.

O’REILLY: I’ll tell you why [religion’s] not a scam, in my opinion: tide goes in, tide goes out. Never a miscommunication. You can’t explain that. You can explain why the tide goes in —

SILVERMAN: Tide goes in, tide goes out?

O’REILLY: See, the water — the tide comes in and it goes out, Mr. Silverman. It always comes in, and always goes out. You can’t explain that.

In sixth grade my science class focused on Earth science. One of the topics was tides, where I learned that the Moon and Sun’s gravity pulled our oceans around, causing tides. I also learned that the Moon is tidally locked to the Earth, meaning that the same side of the moon always faces the earth. That should give a hint that things orbiting around each other has something to do with tides.

Let me present some new information to counterbalance ignorance: did you know that eventually the Earth will be tidally locked to the Moon? Just like the Earth now stays at a fixed location relative to the Moon, the Moon will stay at a fixed location above the Earth. As a side effect, the Earth’s rotation relative to the Sun will slow, and the Moon will move further away from the Earth. As an exercise for the reader, can you explain why this is happening? Bonus points if you can predict how long a day on Earth will then be.

Oh, and here’s the full video featuring Bill O’Reilly:

Al Mohler and His Lying God

Al Mohler is the president of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He’s very concerned about evolution, calling it one of the biggest challenges to Christianity. He knows evolution isn’t true, though, because his God is the author of one of the biggest lies ever: the Earth.

I am willing to accept the authority of science on any number of issues. I am fundamentally agnostic about a host of other scientific concerns — but not where the fundamental truth of the Gospel and the clear teachings of the Bible are at stake.

As I have stated repeatedly, I accept without hesitation the fact that the world indeed looks old. Armed with naturalistic assumptions, I would almost assuredly come to the same conclusions as BioLogos and the evolutionary establishment, or I would at least find evolutionary arguments credible. But the most basic issue is, and has always been, that of worldview and basic presuppositions. The entire intellectual enterprise of evolution is based on naturalistic assumptions, and I do not share those presuppositions. Indeed, the entire enterprise of Christianity is based on supernaturalistic, rather than merely naturalistic, assumptions. There is absolutely no reason that a Christian theologian should accept the uniformitarian assumptions of evolution.

Pause for a second and let that sink in. Al Mohler is explicitly saying that all of the physical evidence points to an Earth much older than however many thousands of years he and Bishop Usher have decided on. He concedes that point, because in the end, God can overrule natural laws, and has done so to manufacture fake fossils and to fiddle with natural processes like radioactive decay.

Think through what this means. In Al Mohler’s view, you can’t trust your lying eyes. The Earth looks old not because it is old, but because God made it look old. God is lying to you, obfuscating the truth as much as possible because…well, that’s really the question.

This portrayal of God is an interesting one. Al Mohler’s God is always testing you, telling you falsehoods to see if you’ll be able to sort them from the truth. The act that Al Mohler is so concerned about, God’s creation of the Earth, was an act of lying. Al Mohler’s God is a lying liar who seeks to mislead you.

I’ve seen this behavior is described in the Bible. Strangely enough, it’s not behavior that the Bible condones or normally associates with God. If you asked Al Mohler if his God is a liar, he’d undoubtedly say no. How strange, then,  that Al Mohler’s worldview requires a God who lies.

Why Companies Care About Twitter

In the comments to yesterday’s post, Jim mentioned how interesting it was that Twitter had finally gotten companies to pay attention to what customers were saying about them. I got to wondering why that was. Why didn’t this happen with blogs, or Facebook? Both of those use the same one-to-many broadcast model as Twitter. Facebook and Twitter share the concept of friends, as do blogging platforms like the venerable LiveJournal.

The key difference is that Twitter messages spread easily, and it’s simple to watch over all of Twitter for any mention of a company. Blogs stand alone with only links or individuals’ comments tying them together. Blog owners added blogrolls and similar list of favorite sites to encourage cross-pollination, but lists of sites with little context don’t drive many visitors to those sites. Posts on low-trafficked blogs got little attention, and were passed around mainly if a high-traffic blog linked to it.

Facebook aggregated people together into groups of friends and explicitly encouraged posting short, pithy status updates. This in turn made people much more likely to vent, but that venting didn’t travel far beyond the person’s friends. If you’re motivated, you can create a Facebook page to express how much a company sucks, but those pages are more like blog posts, and you’re back to hoping that enough friends spread the link to the page. And there are barriers to searching Facebook’s content. You have to have an account, start a search, and then explicitly set it to be searching status updates.

Twitter has similar group aggregation to Facebook and, by virtue of its 140-character limit, greatly encourages its users to share short messages about anything and everything in their life. Even more importantly, people using Twitter quickly latched on to the practice of retweeting — rebroadcasting someone’s message. Retweeting has become such a standard practice that Twitter clients and the Twitter webpage allow you to retweet someone’s message with one click. One person’s rant about Comcast can now be passed around Twitter widely and quickly, spreading from group to group. The barrier to re-broadcasting is far lower than with Facebook and especially with blogs.

Twitter has made additional design decisions that further drive these network effects. Twitter now lists trending topics — topics that a lot of people are talking about. Twitter also lets you search all tweets for mentions of you, your company, or any topic you care about. Companies can monitor what people are saying about them easily, and feel compelled to do so because complaints about them can spread like a brushfire.

That’s the one-two punch that distinguishes Twitter from other publishing services. If Twitter hadn’t made it so easy to re-broadcast people’s messages, or if content on Twitter was as hard to search for as it is on Facebook, then I don’t think companies would care that much about Twitter.

eHarmony Pays Attention

Over the holidays, eHarmony released apps for iOS and Android that give you access to their site. They chose an unfortunate tagline, though.

eHarmony mobile helps you find someone wonderful "in the palm of your hand"

Since I am a twelve-year-old boy at heart, I had to make a joke about the tagline on Twitter.

[blackbirdpie url=”http://twitter.com/Sargent/status/22339099524341760″]

To my surprise, eHarmony responded!

[blackbirdpie url=”http://twitter.com/eHarmony/statuses/22345334722142208″]

[blackbirdpie url=”http://twitter.com/Sargent/status/22348106943172608″]

[blackbirdpie url=”http://twitter.com/eHarmony/statuses/22349609292537856″]

I’m impressed that eHarmony was paying attention, responded, and is changing their tagline. Now only one question remains: what should I use my new-found Twitter power to do?

Sokka vs Xander as Comic Sidekicks

Earlier this week I finished watching Avatar: The Last Airbender, and I was struck by how much the character of Sokka reminded me of Xander from Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Both Sokka and Xander are comedy sidekicks who, over the course of the series, evolved into a more serious role. They were normal guys in a group of people with supernatural powers, all of whom kept leveling up and getting more powerful. Many episodes involved their romantic interests. The big difference between them is that Sokka’s character arc was handled much better than Xander’s. Sokka had a clearer role, was given more interesting things to do, and became a strong contributor to the group’s overall success.

(By the way, I’m going to spoil both Buffy and Avatar. I’m also focusing on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer TV series and not its continuation in comic books.)

Xander Harris from Buffy the Vampire Slayer

Xander Harris was the everyman to Buffy’s super-powered slayer. He was goofy and jokey. He often got the worst from monsters and magic, from an insectoid teacher who planned to mate with him and then kill him, to a love spell that went awry and caused all the women in Sunnydale to chase after him. As part of the Scooby Gang, he remained in his regular-guy role throughout the series. The Scoobies began as the comparatively ordinary friends who helped Buffy, but as time went on that shifted. Willow learned magic, as did her girlfriend Tara. Buffy dated a vampire, a highly-trained soldier, and another vampire. Newcomers to the group had supernatural powers and connections to the supernatural world, like Oz the werewolf and Anya the ex-vengeance demon. Only Xander remained without either.

The writers never seemed sure what Xander’s true role was, despite him helping defeat several of the series’ big bads, the major villians of each season. In season four he was the “heart” component in a spell to defeat Adam, that season’s big bad. In season six, his love for Willow stopped her from destroying the world. He was variously identified as having heart, as seeing truly, and as having courage, but those characteristics shifted throughout the series and left him without a well-defined role. He spent most battles on the sideline. He provided moral support, not insight or fighting prowess or knowledge.

The other Scoobies were also unclear about Xander’s role, something made explicit in the Xander-centric episode “The Zeppo”. In it, everyone but Xander was occupied fighting some world-ending terror. Xander was left to fetch donuts and fret about not being cool. During the episode he manages to lose his virginity to the slayer Faith, pal around with a psychotic undead student, and stop that student from blowing up Sunnydale High. This gives him new-found confidence, but none of the others learned what he’d been up to, or even really noticed his absence. Only the audience sees what has happened, and also gets to see how melodramatic and over-the-top the Scooby Gang’s efforts are without Xander’s leavening humor.

Sokka from Avatar the Last Airbender

Sokka has a lot of similarities to Xander. Everyone in his group has crazy strong elemental bending powers: Aang the Avatar and Airbender, Toph the Earthbender, and his sister Katara the Waterbender. Their enemies are similarly powerful benders. Sokka provides comic relief, spending many of the early episodes grumbling about not having enough meat to eat, making sarcastic asides, and often being the butt of slapstick events.

Sokka diverged from Xander in how he developed skills and talents that gave him a very specific and needed role in the Avatar’s group. Sokka’s inventiveness and native curiosity led him to create several useful weapons. His planning made him the group’s tactician.

Like Xander, Sokka had his own soul-searching episode, “Sokka’s Master”. In the third season Sokka felt that he wasn’t contributing to the group, and so ended up studying with a renowned swordmaster. He trained with the master and became a credible swordsman, even creating his own sword out of metal found in a meteorite. In his absence while he trained, Sokka’s friends noticed he was gone, in marked contrast to Xander’s. The group discovered that they needed his planning and missed his joking.

Nowhere is the difference between Xander and Sokka more pronounced than in the Avatar series finale. Sokka contributes directly and importantly to the fight to stop the Fire Nation. His plan brings down the airships raining fire on the Earth Kingdom. Towards the end he stops two Firebenders from killing him and Toph by throwing his boomerang at one and his meteorite-metal sword at the other in a striking display of martial prowess.

Sokka also maintained his comedic role throughout the series, even as his serious contributions increased. Xander became more mature as Buffy went on at a cost to his comedic impact. Sokka, however, was both comedic and serious. In the finale, at the climax of his plot, he knocked a Firebender off of an airship by throwing his sword at him. As he watched his sword tumble to the forest below, he plaintively cried out, “Bye, space sword!”

Sokka was a much more satisfying character than Xander. He evolved and became a more deeply-realized person throughout the series without downplaying his sense of humor. He contributed directly to battles, making Sokka more of an equal to his companions than Xander was to his. Avatar’s structure undoubtedly made this easier: the series had a definite end, allowing the writers to craft a satisfying character arc for Sokka without having to deal with an open-ended series. The character of Xander points out some of the pitfalls of taking a sidekick known more for comedy and putting him or her in a more serious role; the character of Sokka shows how it can be done.

Yahoo Closes Del.icio.us

Del.icio.us, the social bookmark service that we’ve used for our Shrapnel links, is getting the bullet to the head courtesy of Yahoo. If you still need a cross-browser bookmarking service, take a look at Xmarks. There’s also Diigo, which not only stores bookmarks but also lets you store the whole web page and annotate it. Both will let you import your Del.icio.us bookmarks.

Update: Several friends also pointed me to Pinboard, which bills itself as “socal bookmarking for introverts”.

Start Using a Password Manager

On Sunday, it came to light that Gawker had experienced a long-term break-in that leaked the username and passwords for commenters on Gawker and its related sites like Kotaku, Gizmodo, and Lifehacker. Now we know that a lot of people use “123456” and “password” as their password.

Why should you care? You may not care about a Gawker account, but if you use the same username and password for that as for, say, your Amazon account, you could be in for a world of trouble. That’s why you should use a password manager.

Ideally you should use a different password on every site. Each of those passwords should contain 12 or more randomly-generated characters and include uppercase characters, lowercase characters, numbers, and special symbols. Now: try remembering all of those. Fun, huh?

That’s where a password manager comes in. You pick one strong password to encrypt all of your other passwords and let the manager generate random passwords and remember them for you. Ideally the password manager integrates with your browser so it can automatically fill in your username and passwords once you’ve opened your encrypted password database.

If you want a solid free option, try the unfortunately-named KeePass. It saves your password to a local database that you can put on a thumbdrive, and it has a Firefox plugin that automatically fills in login forms for you. If you’d prefer something more user-friendly, try LastPass. It’s web-based, which is a little worry-making, but given how they’ve set things up that I’m comfortable using them for web passwords to services other than my email or bank sites. Pick a password manager, install it, and select a primary password for your manager. It needs to be a strong one, one that’s hard to remember, so consider writing it down and putting it in your wallet. As security expert Bruce Schneier has long been pointing out, we know how to secure bits of paper.

Ironically enough, Lifehacker has a good beginning and intermediate guide to using LastPass. They’ve also got a tutorial on using KeePass, if that’s what you’ve chosen instead.

Once you’ve installed your password manager, you should upgrade your “123456” passwords to something much stronger. LastPass and KeePass will both generate random passwords for you to use. It’s time-consuming and annoying, but it’s worth it. Use a password with a length of 14 to 16 — hey, the password manager is remembering it for you, so you might as well use something long and hard to crack — and use every symbol possible.

Update: The LastPass blog has a tutorial on replacing old, sad passwords with shiny new ones.

The Gearheart Podcast Novel Gets a Soundtrack

The Gearheart is Alex White’s free podcast novel of magic, adventure, and gunfights. It’s got a steampunk feel crossed with 30s pulp, and is a whole lot of fun. He’s now released a soundtrack CD for the prequel novella he’s working on now. If you listen closely, you can even hear me singing on one track.

If you’d like to know more, J.C. Hutchins interviewed him about The Gearheart in general and the soundtrack in particular. Go! Go and listen!